Organic Foods and the Endocrine System

Chapter by chapter guide Introduction Organic Foods The Endocrine System How the Endocrine System is influenced by pesticides The Way Forward Conclusion Works Cited Introduction everyone is continually attempting to improve their lives by guaranteeing great wellbeing and an appropriate domain. Natural nourishments appear to give neighborly answers for these two issues. The natural food creation makes an immense commitment to enhancing of diets.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Organic Foods and the Endocrine System explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More A fascinating reality is that natural cultivating is additionally demonstrating helpful for the earth. In spite of the fact that there are sure perspectives which should be considered in regard to natural food creation, it has for the most part been indicated that natural cultivating superior to inorganic cultivating. This paper will inspect how natural nourishments help the endocrine frame work in guaranteeing the prosperity of the body as a rule. Natural Foods Organic nourishments allude to those food sources created with the utilization of â€Å"synthetic synthetic substances, hereditarily built materials, sewage ooze of irradiation† (NRDC 1). The domesticated animals are likewise not saved in this battle either since it isn't just harvests that give food. The domesticated animals must be raised with natural feed, in the outside and must not have any admissions that plan to impact their development (FMI 1). For example in the United States nourishments named as natural â€Å"must meet or surpass the guidelines of the National Organic Program (NOP)† (FMI 1) and furthermore that of United States Department of Agriculture, USDA, (NRDC 1). This implies natural nourishments need to meet certain prerequisites without which they would not ensured. The developing enthusiasm for natural nourishments is amazing, insights starting at 2007 indicated that 1.2 milli on individuals were â€Å"organic producers† and 32.2 million hectares of land all inclusive was guaranteed for natural creation (Oates et al. 2). An article in 2005 indicated that 81% purchase natural nourishment for â€Å"nutritional† reasons, 77% for â€Å"freshness† while 67% to improve their wellbeing (FMI 1). It is even clear that there is decent variety in reasons that lead to utilization of natural nourishments. What started enthusiasm for natural nourishments? Natural nourishments owe quite a bit of their fame to individuals evading food sources that were delivered in habits that hurt the earth and put their wellbeing in danger since they rely upon synthetic compounds (NRDC 1). Numerous individuals are persuaded that these nourishments can be utilized as measures taken so as to advance great wellbeing consequently maintaining a strategic distance from sicknesses over the long haul (FMI 2). The earth is a recipient of natural creation as in since the uti lization of pesticides and synthetic substances is diminished, at that point â€Å"local wildlife† isn't influenced and the ranch ends up being progressively beneficial since they â€Å"produce less waste† (Birgenheier 1). The inquiry at that point is how are natural frameworks associated with the endocrine system?Advertising Looking for research paper on wellbeing medication? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Endocrine System The endocrine framework is an inward arrangement of organs in the human body (they are additionally found in creatures) whose fundamental work is to deliver hormones (GreenFacts 1). These hormones are liable for â€Å"reproduction, digestion, development and development† (Hormone 1). Instances of hormones incorporate insulin and sex hormones for example estrogen (in females) and testosterone (in guys). Instances of the organs with different unmistakable capacities in the body ar e: the nerve center, pituitary organ, thyroid organ, pancreas, adrenal organs, pineal organs and the gonads for example ovaries and testicles (GreenFacts 1). How the Endocrine System is influenced by Pesticides and different synthetics ordinarily utilized in ranches results in their â€Å"residues† being available in the nourishments collected and furthermore in our environmental factors for example air, water and soil (Ken 64). These poisons have been connected to â€Å"respiratory issues, neurological clutters, disease and conceptive problems† (NRDC 1). Other undisputable confirmations have been affirmed by scientists in better places: at the University of Missouri, research demonstrated men in â€Å"agricultural areas† have a less sperm include contrasted with those in New York or Los Angeles, at the University of Rochester connected the utilization of a fungicide to Parkinson’s malady and at the University of Wisconsin, the impact pesticides and compo sts on the safe and endocrine frameworks was set up (Ken 65). These unfavorable impacts forced on our wellbeing can't be overemphasized. The poisons will prompt what is known as the endocrine interruption which is the change experienced by the endocrine framework because of a â€Å"foreign substance actuated in the body† (GreenFacts 1). The endocrine disturbing synthetic substances (EDCs) are the dependable operators of progress and they influence our framework in the accompanying manners: they append to the body’s â€Å"hormone receptors and copy the hormone† (EDCs 1) coming about to the hormones not playing out their work henceforth the body will either deliver or stop the creation of proteins that will manage the hormonal awkwardness made (EDCs 1). A few maladies related with this hormonal irregularity include: â€Å"cardiovascular endocrinology, diabetes, development issue, hormone misuse, menopause, osteoporosis, pituitary issue, polycystic ovary disorder, conceptive endocrinology, thyroid conditions† (Hormone 1) among others. Since there is a choice out, at that point natural nourishments are the best approach and all endeavors ought to be aimed at reasonable alternatives.Advertising We will compose a custom exploration paper test on Organic Foods and the Endocrine System explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Way Forward There are difficulties confronting the natural creation as of now. Exact and modest investigations looking at natural nourishments and inorganic food sources and their definite wellbeing impacts are yet to be completely done (Oates et al. 5). The current investigations, best case scenario set up connections and results got are not standard since they would vary with land area. Another test is the variety in â€Å"certification requirements† overall methods there is absence of a lot of standard of â€Å"uniformity† (Oates et al. 4). On the consumer’s side, natural nouri shments cost more and else it would even have had greater fame (FMI 6). Endeavors are being set up to neutralize this, for instance promoting is a successful instrument that will get a consumer’s consideration and have positive impact toward natural food utilization (FMI 6). Natural nourishments are likewise being consolidated in schools and café menus as it keeps on developing (FMI 6). Not all ranchers need to look for accreditation gave they are working on cultivating that targets lessening natural mischief and wellbeing dangers (NRDC 1). End Organic nourishments however costly starting at now, with greater exposure and ceaseless use, the costs will descend and thus empowering individuals to receive the rewards of its admission. Exploration relating to natural food creation is fundamental in settling consumer’s minds who are acclimated with inorganic nourishments. Since they certainly demonstrate to have lesser substance of utilization of pesticides and different co mposts, individuals should fall back on them as they nearly ensure no endocrine related ailments. Accreditation settles the consumer’s minds since it shows that the nourishments were made under exacting guidelines that have been clung to. There is a requirement for more examination to be completed to demonstrate that natural food creation isn't destructive to the body and on the off chance that it is, at that point way ought to be created to make it ok for human utilization. Works Cited EDCs. How EDCs influence our Endocrine System. Natural Food Directory, 2008. Web. FMI. Regular and Organic Foods. Food Marketing Institute, 2007. Web.Advertising Searching for research paper on wellbeing medication? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More GreenFacts. Logical Facts on Endocrine Disruptors. Green Facts, 2011. Web. Hormone. The Endocrine System: Diseases Conditions. Hormone Foundation, 2011. Web. Ken, Rose. The Organic Food Handbook. New York, NY: Greenwood. Print. NRDC. The Benefits of natural Food. National Resources Defense Council, 2009. Web. Oates et al. Human Consumption of Agricultural Toxicants from Organic and Conventional Foods. Natural System, 2009. Web. This exploration paper on Organic Foods and the Endocrine System was composed and put together by client Jacob Hale to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Role of Criminal Justice System and Illicit Drugs. essays

Job of Criminal Justice System and Illicit Drugs. papers There is significant discussion about the job that the Criminal Justice framework should play in the control of illegal medication use (Study Guide 1001CCJ 2003, p.69). The Australian medication strategy right now works inside a forbiddance model, which expresses that the creation, dissemination and utilization of illegal medications are criminal offenses (Cherney s sedate issue, and there appears to be little uncertainty that blends, for example, law requirement, medicalisation and damage minimisation based options will be the medication arrangement of things to come. To start, be that as it may, a short portrayal of the recorded roots of disallowance is offered, trailed by an audit of the criminal equity frameworks objectives in managing the control of illegal medications. The denial of illegal medications began from an assortment of reasons in the late nineteenth and mid twentieth hundreds of years. These included political efficient, general wellbeing contemplations just as weights from clinical and moral gatherings (Study Guide 1001CCJ 2003, p.69). The basis behind toughening unlawful medication use during the 1960s and 1970s was, and keeps on being basically discouragement (Makkai 2000, p.64). De... <!

Using Gre Essay Samples Ets

Using Gre Essay Samples EtsThere are many, many essay samples ets available for you to look at on the Internet. Some of them are decent, some of them are not so good, but the thing that will determine which one you select is how well you follow it to the letter.The problem with most ets is that they are too rigid, as they want you to follow their writing guidelines that they have put together in a manner that is hard to understand or even notice. It is usually only after you have spent several hours researching and finding the best ets that you will finally discover that you need to re-write the one you have so you can use it.To make sure that you are getting the right ets, you should learn how to go about finding the ones that are going to work for you. One of the first things that you need to know is to be extremely careful with what you put in your ets. You should also pay special attention to what you do not put in your ets.Using key words in the body of your ets can also cause s ome problems. Be very careful when using these keywords. These are the main words that will show up the most in your ets.If you are following an outline then do not just throw in the exact words in your ets. It would be really great if you could write a perfect outline and then go into great detail but that is not the case for everyone.So it is important that you know how to break down your outline so that you can figure out which sections need to be changed and how to alter those sections so that they fit in with what you wrote. With all the examples out there, it is a good idea to follow what someone else did, rather than reinventing the wheel.The worst mistake that you can make when you are learning how to use the essay samples it is to not go back and read what you wrote in a word processor. Reading it on paper is helpful, but it will help you to notice that the whole paragraph and a half of your ets has been written and then you had to go back and change it.When you want to be able to use the essay sample sets, you must be very careful with the way that you write and rewrite. As long as you read your ets with an open mind and not a closed one, then you will never have a problem.

The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain - 1972 Words

People possess an inherent urge to surround themselves with those most like them. As a result, the desire creates separation into different social groups or classes which, in some cases, only serve to cause a deeper divide among the individuals in the community. People today experience the divide between social classes on a daily basis. To counteract the separation, people have formed many groups to fight social inequality: the Black Lives Matter movement, feminism, the flourishing LGBTQ community. However, people still face implicit bias from others on a day-to-day basis. Furthermore, in Mark Twain’s, nineteenth century novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain reveals how social classes affect racism which, thereby, creates social divergence that continues to build implicit bias. Scholars define implicit bias as a judgement that happens in the subconscious mind of an individual; an unintended, automatic racist attitude. Implicit bias reflects â€Å"traces of past experience† as Mahzarin Banaji and Anthony Greenwald explain â€Å"that mediate favorable or unfavorable feeling, thought, or action toward social objects† (Banaji Greenwald 8). The desire to see themselves as better than others leads people to assume the worst of others to make themselves seem better in comparison. Consequently, the process drives and encourages implicit bias. Justin Levinson, a Harvard professor of law, states that â€Å"implicit biases affect the way judges and jurors encode, store, and recallShow MoreRelatedThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain830 Words   |  3 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is â€Å"A Great American Novel†, because of its complexity and richness. Twain writes dialogue that brings his characters to life. He creates characters with unique voice and helps the reader connect to the book. Anyone who reads it is forced to develop feelings for each character. Even though there is a great amount of controversy over the use of some choices, such as the â€Å"n word†, it makes the book more realistic. In the beginning of the novel Huck,Read MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1103 Words   |  5 PagesDmitri Van Duine Jr English Mr. Nelson November 27th The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Written by Mark Twain filled his stories with many examples of satire as to convey a message while also writing an interesting story. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn revolves around the adventures of a young boy called Huckleberry Finn, who is about thirteen years old. Tom Sawyer is Huck’s best friend and around the same age as Huck. He is onlyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesZambrano Mrs. Patmor AP Lit-Period 5 28 September 2016 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1835 Mark Twain embodies realism in almost every aspect of his writing not excluding The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which in he portrays such a lifelike setting that it almost gives you this sense of reality through the point of view of a young man that has an urge for freedom yet struggles to conform to society s norms due to his adolescence. Twain s ability to unmask the true identities of the charactersRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain931 Words   |  4 PagesWolski Mrs. Goska English 2H Period 3 22 October 2014 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mob mentality is the way an individual’s decisions become influenced by the often unprincipled actions of a crowd. Mark Twain penned The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Twain grew up in America’s southern states during the early 1800’s, a time in which moral confusion erupted within the minds of humans. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn s protagonist is a young boy named Huck who freely travels alongRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1375 Words   |  6 Pagesmention the years spent growing and maturing physically. Teenagers are stuck in an inbetween state where they must learn who they want to become and what they want to be when they grow older. The same is true for Huckleberry Finn, from the book â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain. This is a book that was written in a time of great confusion over moral codes and standards. It was a world split in half by two different worlds of people; those who opposed, a nd those who promoted slavery.Read MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain2083 Words   |  9 PagesSatire in Huckleberry Finn In the novel â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain, we are told a story about a young boy and his slave companion’s journey down the Mississippi River and all of their encounters with other characters. Twain constructed a beautiful narrative on how young Huck Finn, the protagonist in the story, learns about the world and from other adult characters, how he is shaped into his own person. At the time this book was made however, this novel provided serious socialRead MoreMark Twain and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1575 Words   |  6 Pages Mark Twain and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Controversy Mark Twain, born Samuel Langhorne Clemens, is a highly recognizable figure in American literature. Born in Florida, Missouri Mark Twain and his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri where Twain discovered and fell in love with the mighty Mississippi River. The river and his life in Hannibal became his inspiration and guiding light in most of his writing. Although Twain loved the river and did a great deal of traveling, he eventuallyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1005 Words   |  5 Pages In the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain in the 19th century is about a young boy named Huck Finn and Jim, a runaway slave who go on an adventure. The two travel on a raft along the Mississippi river creating a bond and making memories. Mark Twain presents Huckleberry Finn as a dynamic character who at first views Jim as property and eventually considers Jim as a friend, showing a change in maturity. 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The novelRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain810 Words   |  4 PagesBefore Mark Twain started to write two of his most famous novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark was known to use his characters to display his own thoughts and opinions. â€Å"This device allowed him to s ay just about anything he wanted, provided he could convincingly claim he was simply reporting what others had said.† (Twain, 1283). Mark Twain used this process to be a foundation of his lectures, by manipulating his popularly with his readers. During the story

The Constitution Of The United States - 1453 Words

The Constitution of the United States of America was presented in 1787, pertaining to a newly formed government and how the former colonists of England projected to run a new country. The Constitution was drafted in Philadelphia by the brilliant and later 4th President of the United States, James Madison. This document was presented to ameliorate the Articles of Confederation, written in 1777, that contained a weak central government and no chief executive or court system. Another intention of the Constitution was to frame, or establish, a government with no tyranny, the absolute control of one person or a specific group of people. As problems usually arise, solutions can also be forged to solve these issues. The work of Madison and many others helped extinguish the dilemma of tyranny, but specifically â€Å"how did the Constitution of the United States guard against, or protect the country from, tyranny?† Explicitly, the Constitution of the United States protects the people a gainst tyranny by federalism, the separation of government powers, checks and balances, as well as the the big states versus the small states. One way that the Constitution guards against tyranny is by the compound government, referred to as federalism. A federalism government is one government consisting of two components- a central government, or a nation as a whole, and individual state governments. The United States still holds this principle, with the central government, based in Washington D.C., andShow MoreRelatedThe United States Constitution And The Constitution Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States Constitution, this very detailed group of words was written in 1787, but it did not take effect until after it was ratified in 1789, when it replaced the Articles of Confederation. It remains the basic law of the United States then and till the present day of 2016. The first state to ratify the Constitution was Delaware; the last of the original thirteen to ratify wa s Rhode Island and since only nine were required, this was two years after it went into effect. When the U.S. ConstitutionRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States Constitution Essay1185 Words   |  5 Pages(framers’ of the U.S. Constitution) position on the Presidency: The framers experienced the abuse of the English monarchs and their colonial governors. As a result, the framers were skeptical of the excessive executive authority. Furthermore, they also feared excessive legislative powers. This was something that the Articles of Confederation had given their own state legislatures. The framers of the constitution deliberately fragmented power between the national government, the states, and among the executiveRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States885 Words   |  4 Pages In 1787, our founding fathers came up with a few principles that would establish what we now know as the United States of America. These principles were put on paper to serve as a guideline for how the United States would be operated and structured. This historical piece paper became known as the Constitution of the United States. 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Ethical Dilemma Of Mandatory Vaccinations - 1065 Words

Introduction The classic essay Tragedy of the Commons describes the dilemma society faces when the interests of a group conflicts with the interests of individuals (Hardin, 1968). The example presented is that of a group of cattle ranchers commingling their cattle in a common pasture. At full capacity, each cattle owner still has an incentive to include additional cattle, since the slight decrease in overall yield per animal is offset by the additional animal. Unfortunately, this overgrazing inevitably leads to failure of the commons. The community goal of maximizing food production can only be achieved by placing controls on the interests of the individual cattle ranchers in favor of those of the community (Hardin, 1968). This paper is†¦show more content†¦This is called an immune response. Vaccination is an attempt to manipulate the immune system to provide protection from disease caused by a pathogen without subjecting the person to the actual disease. The cowpox virus was sufficientl y similar to the smallpox virus that if an individual were exposed to cowpox, the person would develop antibodies that would subsequently attack and disable the smallpox virus. This basic principle discovered by Jenner over two hundred and fifty years ago is used today to develop the dozens of vaccines we take for granted. What Is Herd Immunity? The term herd immunity first appeared in a paper published in 1923, entitled â€Å"The Spread Of Bacterial Infection - The Problem Of Herd Immunity (Topley Wilson, 1923). Herd immunity refers to the protection of populations from infection, which is brought about by the presence of immune individuals (Anderson May, 1985). Herd immunity occurs when the proportion of people in a population that has immunity to a pathogen is so high, the pathogen cannot find enough susceptible hosts to infect and consequently can no longer survive (Coico Sunshine, 2015). For example, if only 50% of a population has immunity to pathogen X, the chances of an infected person coming in contact with a susceptible person to pass along pathogen X, is one in two. On the other hand, if 90% ofShow MoreRelatedMandatory Vaccination in Children: An Ethical Dilemma Essay1569 Words   |  7 PagesVaccination was first introduced globally for small pox and later on extended to other communicable diseases which are now known as vaccine preventable disease. Vaccination is beneficial both for individuals and community. This bring us to the ethical dilemma - Vaccination of a healthy child with the intention of protecting both the individual child and the community at the same time exposing the child to the theoretical risk of exposure to disease products whether live, attenuated or killed. ThereRead MoreImmunizations And Vaccinations : A Hot Topic1426 Words   |  6 Pages Immunizations and Vaccinations: A Hot Topic Crystal L. Clauser Frostburg State University Immunizations and Vaccinations: A Hot Topic In the United States, the childhood immunization schedule recommends that children receive approximately 15 vaccinations by 19 months of age, and it specifies ages for administration of each vaccination dose (Luman, Barker, McCauley, Drews-Botsch, 2005, p. 1367). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a vaccine is a product thatRead MoreThe Importance Of Vaccinations1372 Words   |  6 PagesVaccinations have proven time and time again to be an effective form of preventive medicine, but in recent research it has been associated with serious developmental problems. The controversy over whether childhood vaccines are actually the cause of these development issues has been an ongoing debate for 2 centuries and is even more prominent in society now as more research is becoming available to the public, even if some of it says there is no link between the two. Parents and guardians now alsoRead MoreEvaluating The Ethical Principles Of An Axis And Identifying Concre te Points At Which Certain Values Outweigh Others?1549 Words   |  7 Pagesevaluating policy decisions. Vaccine mandates can elicit emotionally charged responses, and simplification of arguments to their ethical ideals can provide essential guidance when crafting policy decisions. Field and Caplan attempt to apply sometimes vague guiding ethics to a real policy issue and are able to draw a conclusion from their model. In their attempt to fit these ethical theories to a graphical model, Field and Caplan make a few substantial simplifications. First, their analysis of the utilitarianRead MoreEssay on Should Vaccines Be Mandatory?902 Words   |  4 Pagesfor one individual may bring deep-seated ethical issues for another individual. With the vast amount of possibilities expanding through research, ethical dilemmas develop and complicate the decisions we need to make for ourselves and loved ones. The varied choices regarding cancer vaccines, fraud and euthanasia will be explored. Cancer Vaccines The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer demonstrates a parade of polarizing ethical issues of today, but the topic of mandatory cervical cancer vaccines particularly caughtRead MoreChildren Should Not Receive Scheduled Vaccinations1508 Words   |  7 Pages Children who do not receive scheduled vaccinations put themselves, as well as others at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases, as infants who are too young of age to receive vaccines, children, elderly, and community members who have compromised immune systems most vulnerable to acquiring vaccine-preventable diseases. Omer, Salmon, Orenstein, DeHart, Halsey (2009) argued that outbreaks of diseases regularly begins with individuals who refuse vaccinations, as it spreads within communities and otherRead MoreThe Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (Cdc) Claim1254 Words   |  6 Pagesqualified to make this statement as research shows the vaccinations have eradicated smallpox and nearly eliminated the polio virus, in addition to dimin ishing the occurrences of preventable infectious diseases such as measles, diphtheria and whooping cough (2015). However, despite the statistics and research, in 2015, only 71.6% of the children between 19 and 35 months received the combined 7 vaccine series (CDC, 2015). This decline in vaccination rate can have devastating effects not only on the individualRead MoreShould We Be Vaccinated For Annual Influenza Vaccinations?3314 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction Vaccinations have been a topic of controversy among various populations for decades. The controversy exists around the decision to be vaccinated for certain contagious diseases or to omit receiving vaccinations for various reasons including those of medical, ethical, and religious derivation. The profession of healthcare faces a particular obstacle in regard to annual vaccinations against influenza. This review will discuss the following ethical debate: Is it ethical to mandate healthRead MoreEthical Concerns Regarding Pediatric Vaccinations1623 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Ethical concerns regarding pediatric vaccinations span several viewpoints including clinicians, policymakers and parents. A parent’s concern is to protect their children. Parents want to know more about how vaccines work - the risks and side effects, vaccine ingredients, and vaccine safety - before deciding to vaccinate a child. The responsibility of the medical professional is to protect the public while preserving the rights of the patient. The ethical issues concerning childhood immunizationRead MoreShould We Need The Right Choice?1276 Words   |  6 Pagesthe media instead of trusting their pediatrician. Parents should at least consider listening to a consultant or a medical professional opinion. Many hospitals and other health facilities offer programs to educate parents about the importance of vaccination. Free riders are the parents or the ones that take an advantage of the freedom given to them thus, refuse to participate in the program or even listen (Diekema 1430 ). They tend to believe that a herd immunity, which refers to the community immunity

School Systems Essay Example For Students

School Systems Essay All over America there seems to be painfully obvious differences in the school systems which cater to the upper class majority and the ones that serve the lower and middle class minority. There is a strong undercurrent of racial inequality in todays school systems, which negatively effect the quality of education that its students receive. A schools potential to give a proper education often depends on the perspective economic, and social, or should I say racial backgrounds of its students. Americas school systems seem to be returning to their former state of segregation. If the government doesnt do something to evenly distribute funds and programs in Americas schools the rate of poverty, crime, and illiteracy will steadily increase, thus widening the gap between the lower class and the rich. The population of minorities who live in the United States is constantly increasing and their numbers can contribute to the success or the failure of the nation. Magnet schools, private schools, or suburban schools serve the upper class, majority of the American population. These schools are some of the best high schools in the nation. There are usually a small number of minority children who are lucky enough to attend such quality schools but white children defiantly make up the majority of upper class high school populations. In an article that I read from the National Catholic Reporter called A tale of two schools the author Viebica Stokley discussed the differences between public schools and magnet schools. There were constant references made about the contrasting environments of good schools and mediocre ones. The magnet school mentioned in the article was called Franklin High. Franklin was a clean, well-lit school. It is air conditioned and freshly painted. There is no graffiti, the bathrooms are clean and there are no roaches or rats present. Franklin has an ample supply of books and supplies. Franklin has a huge library and a computer lab filled with new computers. The school has a TV studio, a new theater, and a school newspaper. Students dont skip classes or miss days at school. Franklin has few discipline problems; there are few fights, if any. Franklin has a fifteen to one teacher student ratio, which means that students are able to receive more one on one attention. Students who attend Franklin take college prep courses like Spanish, physics, and calculus. Students have higher overall grade averages and test scores. One hundred percent of the students who graduate from Franklin go on to college. The students who go to Franklin are given every opportunity to succeed and they dont have to ever worry about being assaulted in school by some kid who is there to cause trouble instead of learn. Public schools serve the lower class and middle class minorities whom, cant afford to pay for a better education or are unable to find transportation to suburban schools. Inner city high schools are ranked the lowest in the nation when it comes to the quality of education they offer. The population in these schools is mai nly black. African Americans make at least fifty percent of the population; Latin and Asian students usually help round out the rest of the population. Unlike Franklin High, Fortier high is the complete opposite. The grounds were filthy and the school has no air conditioning. They are at a severe disadvantage because they dont have enough books for all of their students. They have a small library that doubles as a classroom during the day. The school doesnt have computers or a newspaper. Classes are over crowded; Fortier has a thirty to one student teacher ratio. Sometimes there are nearly forty students packed into one class. The 1,200 students that go to Fortier barely get attention form teachers. Usually children who start high school there who are already behind fall further behind. .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add , .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add .postImageUrl , .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add , .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add:hover , .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add:visited , .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add:active { border:0!important; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add:active , .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u876fd9125187ace86b0dd540dbe97add:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ethical issues at a glance EssayStudents that go to Fortier high skip classes and often miss days in school. Violence is a common occurrence here. News crews and police are constantly up at the school covering a story about guns or drugs. Fortier is known as the worst high school in New Orleans. Only twenty percent of Fortiers one thousand students go on to a four-year college. Fortiers collective grade point average is one point five. Most graduates would be lucky to find a mediocre factory job. Some students drop out and get a G.E.D or find a trade; others just fall by the wayside. The combination of inadequate funding, lack of college prep classes and programs, lack of parent involvement, weak administration, teacher student apathy, and an undercurrent of racism almost guarantees the failure of poor and middle class minority students. The blatant disregard for lower class minority schools contributes to the delinquency of minority children who may eventually end up in penitentiaries. There is a significant level of segregation and a serious lack of racial balance in todays high schools. In 1986, more than 70 percent of Hispanic students, compared to 64 percent of blacks, were enrolled in schools that were more than 50 percent minority; almost a third of Hispanic students were in schools more than 90 percent minority (Fife, 1992). Low class schools with the least amount of resources have the greatest number of minority populations. Most educators have given up on the idea that all schools can be free of segregation. Minority families tend to gravitate toward larger cities in search of more blue-collar jobs, therefore lower class and middle class minorities all tend to go to the same schools. That explains why predominately black schools normally tend to be located in major cities. Educators feel that forced school integration would only cause the parents of white children to move their children to other school districts, this is known as white flight. Since 1980, eight million immigrants have arrived in the U.S., bringing two million students into the nations schools (Olge, Alsalm, ; Rogers, 1991). This only further segregates the school system and complicates the problem of equal education in America. Many foreign students dont speak good English; therefore they must be put into schools with special language programs instead of mainstream public schools. The fact that most immigrants are part of the lower class means that they will have to attend public schools as well. All over America there are schools which have an unfair disadvantage over others. It seems like the government is either unable to provide every student with an equal opportunity to learn of they just dont care about lower class and middle class minorities enough to try and make a change. I feel that the government will not step in and help out minority students. The ultimate responsibility for seeing to it that children receive the best education possible falls o n the parents. I am in no way excusing the government and its racially motivated practices when it comes to equal opportunity and education. I doubt that minority families choose to live in lower class neighborhoods and give their children a mediocre education. Being minority and poor are circumstantial situations not reasons why parents choose to raise their children in cities. This is certainly not a valid enough excuse for the government to ignore the fact that lower class minorities are not receiving a quality education.

The effect of temperature on the hydrolysis of starch using amylase extracted from barley Essay Example

The effect of temperature on the hydrolysis of starch using amylase extracted from barley Paper Enzymes are a class of proteins that catalyse chemical reactions, which increases the rate of a metabolic reaction. Most enzymes are specific, working on a particular or class of reactions. In this case I am using an enzyme known as amylase (a group of enzymes which convert starch to sugar), which is an important metabolic enzyme. Amylase is found in various parts of the body including the saliva of the parotid gland and the pancreas, e. g. ptyalin, which aids in the digestion of carbohydrates by speeding up specific digestive processes taking place from the mouth to the small intestines. However, in this experiment we are using amylase which has been extracted from barley. The function of amylase is to catalyze (to modify the rate of a chemical reaction by catalysis) the hydrolysis (decomposition of a chemical compound by reaction with water) of starch into glucose. Starch is a mixture of two compounds; amylose and amylopectin, both of these molecules are polymers which contain a large, variable number of a-glucose molecules linked to each other by condensation. Amylase acts on starch, which is a polysaccharide (a class of carbohydrates; starch, consisting of a number of twenty-five monosaccharides) and breaks it down into maltose, a disaccharide. A disaccharide is defined as any class of carbohydrates; maltose, that yield two monosaccharides upon hydrolysis. The disaccharide sugars; maltose, lactose, and sucrose, have the empirical formula C12H22O11. When treated with enzymes, the disaccharides combine with one molecule of water and split into two molecules of monosaccharide hexose sugars, e. . maltose splits into two molecules of glucose when treated. In order for amylase to continue working at its best, the body needs to keep within several degrees of 37 C (an optimum temperature for most enzymes), as enzymes must work in mild conditions of a cell in the body. Chemicals which are changed by enzyme-catalysed reactions are known as the substrates of that enzyme, which fit into the active site (where the reaction takes place) of the enzyme, in a lock-and-key mechanism. We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of temperature on the hydrolysis of starch using amylase extracted from barley specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of temperature on the hydrolysis of starch using amylase extracted from barley specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of temperature on the hydrolysis of starch using amylase extracted from barley specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The products of the reaction then leave the active site, which frees it up for more similar reactions to take place. If our body heat exceeds further past 37 C our cells become impaired or permanently damaged, this damage is irreversible to the molecular structure of the enzymes due to the velocity with which the atoms move about. This is because the structure of the an enzyme vibrates so much that some of the bonds holding the tertiary structure together break (especially hydrogen bonds as they are weak). So now the enzyme starts to lose its globular shape, because of this the substrate will no longer be able to fit into its active site. In other words when the enzymes become denatured, there is a major change from the native state to another state without the changing of the primary structure, this usually leaves the enzyme without its catalytic functions. At a temperature of approximately 100 C amylase becomes denatured. Whereas, if our body heat was to descend below 37 C the metabolism decreases without permanent damage until ice crystals form in the cells. Meaning the enzymes are inactivated, not denatured (even at extreme low temperatures, such as 0 C) and once the temperatures increase, they will regain their function. From the first graph which shows the percentage transmission from the colorimeter (a device which provides an indication of how deep a colour is, and could measure the index of concentration of the samples) at minute intervals at different temperatures; 15 C, 25 C and 35 C, there is a trend and pattern. This trend and pattern is that the lower the percentage of transmission from the colorimeter, the less light getting through, this means that there is a high concentration of starch (mg). Although, as time increases more and more of the substrate (starch) is being broken down into maltose so there is an increase of transmission from the colorimeter, meaning more light is passed through the solution. For example, at 35 C and at 0 minutes there is 1% transmission from the colorimeter, meaning that only 1% of light can pass through the solution because there is 465mg of starch (shown by the Starch Calibration Curve). As time increases to 20 minutes there is a 40% transmission from the colorimeter meaning there is 70mg of starch concentration left in the solution because it has been broken down by amylase at a high activity rate. The biological knowledge to support this trend and pattern is the kinetic theory; when a substance is heated, its molecules is being supplied with kinetic energy, so they move around faster. In this experiment, as the temperature rises from 15 C to 25 C to 35 C, there is an increase in the number of collisions between the active site of the enzyme and starch molecules and with more energy. This causes them to react more efficiently as this results in more enzyme-substrate complexes and in turn the formation of more products. At low temperatures e. g. 15 C, the molecules will not collide very frequently and the starch will not be broken down as quickly. This shown on the graphs at 15 C and at 0 minutes there is 0% transmission from the colorimeter, meaning that 0% of light can pass through the solution because there is 500mg of starch (shown by the Starch Calibration Curve). As time increases to 22 minutes there is a 15% transmission from the colorimeter meaning there is 160mg of starch concentration left in the solution. This is because it has been broken down by amylase at a slow activity rate, so there is a higher concentration of starch left compared to the 25 C (120mg) and 35 C (70mg) results. From the second graph; A graph to show the milligrams of starch at minute intervals at different temperatures, it shows that with time, the starch concentration is decreasing for each temperature that is being tested. This graph shows an exponential decay curve of the amount of starch concentration broken down for every x minutes, therefore the substrate will not totally be broken down. This reaction is not a equilibrium reaction because as the starch concentration decreases the enzyme finds it increasingly difficult to find enough substrate to act on. From my results, I can conclude that between temperatures 15 C 35 C, the efficiency of the enzyme increases with temperature. Therefore, the graph shows that 35 C is the optimum temperature because at the end of the experiment (at 20 minutes), the solution has a high percentage of transmission (40%) meaning 70mg starch left. So the amylase is breaking down the starch most effectively at 35 C due to the more light passing through from the colorimeter. These figures show that at 35 C the hydrolysis of starch using amylase is a lot more active, because the body temperature is around 35 C and enzymes such as amylase, are designed to work at this optimal temperature. So at 35 C maltose is formed a lot faster than at 25 C and 15 C. Whereas, at 15 C and 25 C the graphs show that the activity of the amylase is working at a much slower rate, therefore unable to break down as much of the starch in approximately 20 minutes. This is shown by a less percentage from the colorimeter, which does gradually increase over more time when more milligrams of starch is broken down into maltose. Evaluation of practical work: The experiment worked well overall, proving that the optimum temperature of the amylase used in this experiment was around 35 C. The results are sufficiently accurate as each set of results align almost a perfect curve, and they were taken at timed intervals far enough apart so that the readings are clear from each other. In this practical procedure the results could have been influenced by main sources of errors such as: The apparatus could have been improved as the water baths used were not all at the exact temperatures required, and each water bath possibly contained different amounts of water. If better quality water baths had been used and more time was issued to ensure that each of the three water baths had exactly the same amount of water and was at the exact temperature required, more accurate and reliable results would have been achieved. This also could have been achieved by repeating the experiment for each temperature more than twice and then calculating averages of the two sets of results. Also the use of a colorimeter could have altered the results of the colorimeter readings when it was set at 100% with a test tube of diluted iodine by a member of the group. To improve this we need to have used a photospectrometer which is a device that can stop the fluctuation of these percentage transmissions resulting in precise and accurate results. * We should have performed the experiment at intervals smaller than 10 C, so that we used a wider range of temperatures e. g. 10 C 70 C. At this temperature range I would have been able to see whether at the lowest temperature if the enzyme; amylase, could function at all effectively and that amylase would possibly denature at 70 C and definitely at a temperature above 70 C. Proving that above 70 C the amylase is denatured therefore no longer catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch, which is broken down into maltose. Conducting the experiment at 10 C intervals between these temperatures would have obtained a sufficient number of distinct results. * I think that the pipettes used were another main error. More accurate results could have been obtained by cleaning the pipette between each reading, or using a new pipette each time, although this couldnt practically happen. There was always some solution left over in the pipette from the previous solution, whether this was iodine solution, distilled water or when we were extracting the reaction medium and placing it in the diluted iodine solutions. Another problem with the pipettes is that when the reaction medium was extracted and clearfully put into a diluted iodine solution, during this time the amylase was acting on the starch while this solution was in the pipette. This made the timings recorded slightly out, although this effect may have been lessened with the temperature at 35 C as the mixture was cooling down to room temperature in the pipette. Also we could have possibly swirled the enzyme extract and starch solution together in the water bath so that the substrate and enzyme could mix and the molecules collide. A solution to this whole experiment would have been to automate (convert to a automatic operation) the whole system. This would have allowed a sample of the mixture to be automatically taken every minute or possibly more frequently, and the concentration of the starch stored onto a computer. Carrying out the experiment like this would have solved any inaccuracies in timing, which may not have always been exact when using a stop clock and someone watching the time. This way it would have also removed any human errors e. g. the test tube not being wiped properly before being placed into the colorimeter or didnt shake the reaction medium and diluted iodine solution together enough/too much etc. So if the experiment had use of better apparatus and stricter conditions, my results would have been plotted onto a graph and a more clear and accurate curve would have resulted.

How to Use Adverbs to Express Time [English Business Writing]

How to Use Adverbs to Express Time [English Business Writing] As businesses become more international, so must our business writing. Fortunately, good business writing skills transfer very well to global audiences, but there is some confusing grammar that global business writers need to watch. Let’s examine the advantage of using adverbs, instead of grammar, to express time. There are certain grammatical structures that show when two actions happen in relationship to each other. However, these structures are complicated and can be difficult for non-native speakers of English to understand. For example: Before I reported my findings to the team, I had attended the conference. This sentence is grammatically correct, but it is long and uses two different past tenses to show which action happened first. Instead, you can write this: First, I went to the conference. Then, I reported my findings to my team. The first example sounds more sophisticated, but the second example is easier to understand. This is because the second example uses short, direct sentences, the simple past tense, and the â€Å"First† and â€Å"Then† to show the relationship between the two events. The second example does not rely on complicated grammar to show the relationship between those two sentences. A quick review of adverbs There are two ways to understand adverbs – their grammatical job in the sentence and what questions they answer for you. Grammatically, adverbs have three jobs: They can describe a verb: He speaks eloquently. They can describe another adverb: He speaks very And, they can describe an adjective: He is quite Sometimes, though, it is easier to think about the questions that adverbs answer for us: How – He speaks eloquently. (Eloquently tells us how he speaks.) How much – We have staff meetings weekly. (Weekly tells us how much we have staff meetings.) When – First, we need to review the proposals. (First tells us when the action needs to occur.) It’s the last question, WHEN, that makes adverbs particularly useful in business writing. Using adverbs, instead of grammar, to describe time is easier to understand, and will usually force you to use shorter, more direct sentences that are often more explicit. Examples of adverbs of time are: First, second, third First, next, last In the beginning, In the end/At the end Now, Then Today, Tomorrow, Yesterday hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(41482, 'c61cbd6e-f7ce-458b-af11-45f3cbe8af31', {}); Let’s look at one more example of how these adverbs of time work. Here is the complicated sentence: As a result of the challenging business climate, we will need to cut back on frivolous spending. AND The business climate is challenging. Now, we need to cut back on frivolous spending. The second example uses two shorter sentences that are more direct. It also uses the adverb of time â€Å"Now† to help orient the reader, instead of the complicated grammar of the first example. As you can see, writing for a global audience is not so different from good business writing. Short, clear, direct sentences help your reader to respond in a timely manner. Instructional Solutions offers Online Business Writing Courses that can help youwrite better work, to both domestic and global audiences.

Linguistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Linguistics - Essay Example Hence, the â€Å"written† language enjoys the superiority of being official and acceptable everywhere. The difference between jargon, accents, slang and dialect is also important. Dialects keep changing since language is made and modified by the times people live in, which of course are incessantly in a flux. Some legitimacy is also enjoyed by different dialects depending on who speaks it, mainly subscribing to the various strata of society. Usually the choices of the elite determine the stratification of dialects and languages; via which many other stratification can also be explained for example fashion etc. 2. Non-standard dialects and its usage is quite political if you come to think of it. The chapters elaborates about how standard versus non-standard is largely a matter of what is in vogue at that particular point in history. For example, the r-lessness that suffers changing connotations on either side of the Atlantic is simply a matter of fashion. At the same time it is not so simple because it has serious implications for the members who speak in it as the way of talking is a very important judgment factor, voluntarily and involuntarily. This kind of stratification of language relegates communities to the periphery by defining ‘popular’ dialect etc. ... The politicians and well-educated might also talk in the same vernacular dialect to portray a sense of belonging to their local community. 3. Linguistic variability is important because it represents the variety of cultures and styles. They are of many levels and types. The various levels are lexical (vocabulary and meaning), phonological (pronunciation), morphosyntactic (syntax and usage of words), and pragmatic (way of talking, pausing, and pacing). The various types are those of social class and social networks, gender, and ethnicity. Social status has varied influences on language, with no easy one on one relation. In some places, (Arabic speaking nations), the level education defines status and not the profession (unlike America, where occupation is the general parameter). Also, the high or correct Classical Arabic is not spoken in daily use. In America, and other western countries however, standard language is preferred over nonstandard by people who are of upper class, so to s ay. Loose social ties (usually in lower class groups) tend to be more open to language change as compared to people belonging to dense social ties who maintain vernacular speech features and are less likely to language change (Milroy and Milroy). Like Labov suggested, that the lower class are also more open to language change because they are the ones who are most upwardly mobile of all class groups. 4. Language variation and gender researches show markedly concrete inferences. In case of stable language features, women tend to use standard language more than men. For example, swimming instead of swimmin’. Interestingly, women are more subject to language change than men in many western countries. In another example, Labov observed

Financial modelling Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial modelling - Lab Report Example For a given value of expected return, MPT tends to explain how one can select a portfolio with the least possible risk. Standard deviation is the most commonly and widely used measure of spread and thus it measures the potential variability, volatility and risk. Standard deviation (ÏÆ'i ) can be used as a good measure of relative risk between two investments that have the same expected rate of return. It can be calculated for each and every individual shares, portfolios of shares and for the market as a whole. A larger value of ÏÆ'i implies a lower probability that actual returns will be closer to the expected returns. We first calculated standard deviation, covariance matrix and expected return. The standard deviation and expected return were calculated by applying the Excel STDEV and AVERAGE functions to the historic monthly percentage returns data. Table 1 below shows the correlation matrix, standard deviations, and the average returns for the rates of return on the stock index. After we input Table 1 into our spreadsheet as shown, we created the covariance matrix in Table 2 using the relationship . The curved line represents the return values and risks that result from combination of various shares. It is also known as the efficient frontier and it represents efficient portfolios of shares that is, portfolios that give the minimum risk for a given level of return or maximum return for a given level of risk. On the other hand, the straight line is known as capital allocation line and it represents the expected return and standard deviation from various combinations of the risk-free asset and the optimal risky portfolio. It starts at the risk-free return of 4% and is perpendicular to the curved line. It represents the highest ratio of risk premium to standard deviation (Sharpe Ratio). For our computations if we invest in a free risk with 10% portfolio we get

Investigating a simple pendulum Essay Example for Free

Investigating a simple pendulum Essay In a way, I think that my experiment was successful. Most people would say that it would not have been a successful experiment if their results did not exactly match some of their predictions, just like my results, but I think that my experiment was a successful one because it made me realise that results will not always match predictions and it is fine to get results different from those you expected because it gives you more things to investigate when doing your evaluation. I think that my experiment was quite a fair one seeing as each test was done three times and an average result was taken. When I was testing the variables, length, mass and amplitude, I only tested one at a time, keeping the other two variables the same. I performed the experiment in the centre of the work bench, so the pendulum could not hit anyone passing by or and walls or other objects. As I said earlier in my obtaining evidence part of this coursework I think my results may have been slightly inaccurate seeing as the precision of my results depended on my hand-eye coordination which could not have been the same every time I judged when to stop the stopwatch. I think that my results would be quite easy to reproduce seeing as they all follow the expected patterns and were all taken three times and an average was also taken. I will now be attempting to explain why I think that my results did not match those of the equation: One of the reasons for this may be that my results could have been slightly inaccurate. Another reason may have been that the apparatus that I used was not as accurate as it could have been. If we look at the table of results for the formula, we can see that as the length increases, the difference between the actual time taken for one swing of the pendulum and the formula result gets closer. This could mean that the formula is meant for slightly larger lengths than 10 and 15 centimetres, maybe something such as one metre and above. Or it could mean that my results are inaccurate, especially those with shorter lengths, seeing as they swing faster and are obviously harder to get accurate results for. And now I will be attempting to explain why I think that the formula: , did not give a constant result. The reasons are the same as the ones for the above formula, that my results may have been slightly inaccurate and that the apparatus I used may also have been inaccurate. And again, if we look at my table of results, the results of the formula seem to get closer to a constant as the length increases. This could mean that the formula is meant to be used for slightly larger lengths than those that I investigated or it could mean that my results are slightly inaccurate, again especially with those smaller lengths, seeing as they are harder to time as they swing a lot quicker than the larger lengths. If I had to do the experiment again, I would use some different equipment and I would only investigate length as a variable seeing as I now know that it is the only variable that affects the time taken for one swing of the pendulum. The piece of equipment that I would want to change most would be the time measuring device that I used. A good time measuring device would ensure both accurate and reliable results, which is what every experiment needs to be truly successful. The best device I can think of would be a light sensitive one which starts a timer when the beam of light is broken, by the string passing through it, and stops it when the beam is broken again. Using this method would not only ensure accurate and reliable results, but it would allow me to get the time taken for one swing only and not the average of ten swings divided by ten. But such a piece of equipment would be very expensive and would also be very hard to set up, so I therefore think that it would not be possible to use a piece of equipment like the one described above. From looking at my results, I would also change the lengths of the strings that I would time, seeing as when I compared my results to those given by the formulas, the shortest lengths of string gave the most out of place results. I would probably test lengths of around one metre to one and a half metres. When I got these results I would also compare them to the two formulas I have used throughout this coursework. If I had more time I probably would have done each test five times instead of three to be more sure of reliable and accurate results. I would have also tested a wider range of lengths and then I would have been able to see if my predictions were totally correct or whether they were slightly wrong. From testing more lengths I would also have been able to find out whether the formula: , worked and also whether the formula: , gave a constant result. And just as a final thought, even though I know it would not be possible, I would like to investigate the effect that gravity would have on the time for one swing of the pendulum. I think that gravity would have an effect on the time taken for one swing of the pendulum seeing as it features in the same equation that helped me to predict that only length would effect the time taken for one swing of a simple pendulum.

Just What the Doctor Ordered :: Physicians Medicine Medical Autopsies Papers

Just What the Doctor Ordered â€Å"Hurry Dad, follow that ambulance!† I shouted as the sirens went racing by like spinning tornados. The sound of sirens always excited me and caught my curiosity. I wanted to be at the scene and to know exactly what had happened to the people involved. The next day I would anxiously wait for the newspaper to arrive, so I could read what happened. Since my dad is a police officer, I have always been intrigued by his stories of â€Å"cops and robbers.† As a result, these interests have influenced my decision to become a doctor. You may be wondering what there interests have to do with my being a doctor and why I have chosen this career path rather than that of a paramedic, a police officer, or even a news reporter. That is easy. As far back as I can remember, I have been fascinated by anything having to do with doctors. It is for all my interests in the medical field that I have decided to become a doctor. The field of medicine that would allow me to combine all these fascinations is forensic pathology. As a forensic pathologist, I will be working firsthand with investigators and the hospitals in cases where patients have died of trauma or unknown causes. Investigators will have to share all the details of the crime scenes or accidents with me. Then, I will get to play the role of Nancy Drew by putting all the pieces together to determine the actual cause of death. I will try to find out exactly what happened to every one of my patients in their last minutes of life. I have always been intrigued by mysteries; therefore, I feel this career as a forensic pathologist will be perfect for me. It is important to enjoy one’s career, so this is an excellent choice for me because it will never become dull or boring. Each autopsy that I will perform will have its own story and a new mystery for me to solve. I know I will wake up every morning anxious to go to work to see what new findings I will discover that day. You probably are wondering how I can be so excited about p eople’s dying, but I do not look at it like that.

Pestle, Porter and SWOT analysis of Lukoil Essay

LUKOIL, a vertically integrated oil company, and carries out exploration, acquisition, integration and subsequent efficient development of oil and gas fields outside the Russian Federation to facilitate the transformation of LUKOIL into a transnational energy corporation. LUKOIL operates in 25 countries (the most major of them are Russia, Azerbaijan, USA, Georgia, Turkey and Czech Republic). Net income in 2013 is $3.105 billion. Basic earnings per share – $4.11. The Company’s 2012 net income rose by 6.2% and reached record $11,004 billion. EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortization) rose by 1.7% and reached $18,915 billion. Sales revenues were $139,171 billion (+4.1% y-o-y). In 2013 Forbes estimated LUKOIL as #43 in Sales, #34 in Profit, #254 in Assets, #139 in Market value. According to these data we can assume, that LUKOIL is successful Russian company with a lot of strengths, like good prospects regarding financial indicators. And fortu nately, it doesn ´t need any financing. Usually, the company invests in different projects regarding environmental protection and  employee ´s support. 2. Mission and Vision Mission: â€Å"The Company’s mission consists in increasing shareholder value through the exploration and production of hydrocarbons outside Russia.† My vision of the situation is that company wants to be a reliable supplier of hydrocarbons on the international market. Moreover, Lukoil has a purpose to support economic growth and social stability in long-term prospects. Thus, it has some main aims such as to achieve reputation of a reliable and dependable hydrocarbon supplier in the world; to deliver high-quality petroleum products to end-users; to ensure long-term sustainable growth; to reach leading position on the market; My formulation of the mission: Lukoil as a company in the oil and gas industry using natural energy recourses is trying to be a leader in the international market by reducing costs, increasing operations and stabling social aspects. Vision: â€Å"The company wants to be world’s leader in oil and gas sector by first-class services to our customers, effective HR policy, reliable and positive image of the company, effective environmental policy, optimization of the operational efficiency, decrease of the operational costs, sustain high-profit level.† In conclusion, company’s mission determines a purpose within the organization; provides standards for allocating organizational resources; establishes a general organizational climate; shows purpose and direction. Consequently, mission and vision are clear and give a lot of advantage. 3. Macro-environment (PESTLE) At the beginning of this part, it is necessary to mention some relevant facts: Population in Russia: 139mln Area: 17mln sq. km Time zones: GMT +2 to +11 9th largest economy in the world in terms of GDP, reaching USD 2014,8 bn 2013 Exports and Imports exceed 50% GDP Highest GDP per capita among BRICS countries Winter Olympic Games 2014 in Sochi 2012 and FIFA World Cup 2018 are coming 1. GDP Figure 2.1 Real GDP As we can see on the Figure 2.1 Real GDP has a tendency to grow up. Moreover, the present value of Real GDP is about 2014.8 USD billion which is the highest point during the history. Real GDP had been increased up to more than 6% in comparison with the previous period Contemporary situation in economy, especially in Real GDP, shows the opportunity for a company to increase production, because higher GDP means higher consumer expenditures; in turn, it is an alleviating competitive pressure within industry, then it’s the potential for expansion. As we can see GDP is constantly growing that means an opportunity to have higher revenues for LUKOIL Company because people have a higher profits and respectively higher consumer expenditures. 2. Interest rate The interest rate in Russia was last recorded at 5.50 percent. Interest Rate in Russia is reported by the Central Bank of Russia. It is quite high interest rate in comparison with for instance European countries. The average interest rate in Europe is 0.25%. For LUKOIL it is a threat of decreasing the company’s sales, because during high interest rate potential consumers tend to spend less (borrowings become more expensive). Therefore the consumer purchasing power is quite low and company’s sales will be decreased. Figure 2.2 Russia interest rate 3. Inflation rate Figure 2.4 Russia inflation rate Figure 2.5 Petroleum price RUB per liter As we can see Figure 2.4 and Figure 2.5, the oil price and rate of inflation  are connected directly: when oil price goes up, the inflation follows in the same direction. We can explain it by that the oil is the major input in economy (oil is used for manufacturing and transportation). The inflation rate in Russia was recorded at 6.30 percent in October of 2013. It has a positive impact on Oil and Gas industry. LUKOIL can estimate future profit more accurate and eliminate several risks which effected by the oil price and inflation rate. 4. Unemployment rate Figure 2.5 Russia unemployment rate At the moment the rate is 5,5%. And the tendency has a declining character. Thus it could be opportunity to find high-qualified employees. There is a competition on a labor market. 5. Reservoirs of oil Russia is the first country in the world in crude oil production. Its share is 12%. This indicator makes the country attractive for the investors. Consequently, LUKOIL could use positive investment climate of Russia as the company’s benefit. 6. Taxes Nowadays there are three main taxes which have influence on economic in Russia: a) Corporate tax rate – 20% b) Personal income tax rate – 13% c) Sales tax rate – 18% Accordingly to these indicators the corporate tax rate is quite low in comparison with Japan – 38,01%, United Arab Emirates – 55%, US – 35%. Therefore, it is opportunity to increase a profit (low taxes increase net profit). We are analyzing oil and gas industry in Russia. Fortunately most of deposits are situated in cold geographical areas like Tyumen Region, called Extreme North or Far North. Government gives a lot of benefits like people who work there are used to receive an extra grade of payment, referred to as the â€Å"Northern Bonus†, as well as other benefits, including extra vacation, extra disability benefits, extra retirement benefits, and housing benefits. LUKOIL won’t increase outflow of money into pension funds  etc. 4. Technological factors (PESTLE) New technologies are an important competitive advantage of LUKOIL Group. Key technological aspects: 1. The company conducts R&D to develop new technologies and upgrade the existing ones. 2. Cooperation with national projects is actively developing, including the Skolkovo innovation project and the RUSNANO Corporation. 3. Great attention is paid to developing information technologies and improving business processes. 4. The total financing of scientific and technical works in 2012 amounted to US$ 150 million. It is opportunity to use own technology and ability to exclude costs for using technologies from elsewhere. 5. Environmental factors (PESTLE) Waste disposal Russia drowns in 60 million tons of garbage a year. It is serious problem in waste disposal issue. Today, only 11% of the whole volume is recycled. Unfortunately, it is substantial evidence of contemporary problem and the threat for environment. LUKOIL uses chemicals for production, which could be statutory restrictions by the government for environmental protection. It is the threat for company of activities’ restriction. Pollution Oil and Gas industry damages nature by pollution. Many risks occur like spilling of oil into the sea or into the ocean. In this case LUKOIL will pay damage to nature and spoil its reputation. Consequently, LUKOIL should take into account all risks and try to avoid them. Climate There is the dominance of the continental climate on the territory of the country. Russia faced to one serious problem during springs. It is flood. For oil industry it could be a relevant threat because it directly depends on transportation, for instance if roads are damaged it is becoming complicated to transport oil to different regions. 6. Political factors (PESTLE) Strictly speaking, two of the most dangerous threats are the high level of corruption and terrorism. High level of corruption Russia is ranked 127th out of 175 countries in Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index in 2013. This score indicates the perceived level of public sector corruption in a country or territory. Terrorism There is a terrorist war aimed at destabilizing Russia politically and economically. Few weeks ago there was the 3rd terrorist attack in Volgograd during last 2 months. Membership in World Trade Organization In August 2012, Russia officially became a World Trade Organization member. Moreover, European Union contributes half of Russia trade flows. It is opportunity of simplified international market access with the purpose of trade and it is opportunity of hiring professional and administrative staff on fixed term contracts. Index of Economic Freedom Index of Economic Freedom in Russia is 51.3 out of 100 and it ranked as mostly unfree. These ranking means that the country is not attractive to do business and indicates a low possibility of obtaining investment. Thus, it is a threat for LUKOIL, it will be difficult to attract foreign investors. Protection of property rights It is an opportunity to protect LUKOIL’s innovations and to get patent. 7. Legal factors (PESTLE) The following laws of the Russian Federation form the main legal framework of the oil and gas industry: Constitution of the Russian Federation. Federal Law On Subsoil (Subsoil Law). Federal Law On Gas Supply in the Russian Federation (Gas Supply Law). Federal Law On Natural Monopolies. Federal Law On the Continental Shelf of the Russian Federation. Federal Law On Energy Saving and Energy Efficiency. Federal Law On Production Sharing Agreements. The following federal laws are also relevant to the legal framework of the natural resources industry of the Russian Federation: The Codes of the Russian Federation, including the Civil Code, Land Code, Water Code, Forest Code, Tax Code, Code on Administrative Violations and Criminal Code. Federal Law on Environmental Protection. Federal Law on Ecological Expertise. Supreme Council Regulations on the Procedure of Enactment of the Provisions on the Procedure of Licensing of the Subsoil Use of 1992 (Subsoil Use Licensing Regulations). The fundamental rights that are guaranteed to each Russian citizen are: All people shall be equal before the law and court. The State shall guarantee the equality of rights and freedoms of man and citizen, regardless of sex, race, nationality, language, origin, property and official status, place of residence, religion, convictions, membership of public associations, and also of other circumstances. All forms of limitations of human rights on social, racial, national, linguistic or religious grounds shall be banned. Man and woman shall enjoy equal rights and freedoms and have equal possibilities to exercise them. That means that Lukoil should take into account all this rights and keep it in mind when hiring the employees. 8. Socio-cultural factors (PESTLE) Age structure: 0-14 years: 15.7% (male 11,498,268/female 10,890,853) 15-24 years: 12.4% (male 9,031,057/female 8,662,557) 25-54 years: 45.8% (male 31,894,116/female 33,432,996) 55-64 years: 13.1% (male 7,926,184/female 10,711,347) 65 years and over: 13% (male 5,622,464/female 12,847,828) Most of population is in â€Å"capable of working† age. There is a competition on labor market. It is an opportunity to find employees corresponded to the standards of the company. Main religion: Christianity No requirement in the organization of labor. Thus, it is opportunity for LUKOIL to organize manufacture easily. High level of education Opportunity to attract well-qualified personnel. 9. Porter’s 5 Forces 1. Threat of New Entrants (Low) The LUKOIL is protected by high barriers to entry. Therefore the threat of new entrants is very low Huge amounts of capital expenditure are needed to perform the activities, for example the cost of refinery is almost $7 billion, the price of petrol station is $600 000. Large amounts of fixed are require for the development of oil fields and the installation of production facilities Costs for entering the industry: drilling costs, oilfield services, skilled labor, scientific research, materials and energy Only companies that operate economies of scale can survive, for example LUKOIL has been searching for oil since 1991. They invest a huge amount in up-to-date technologies making it difficult for new entrants to compete. Russia allows only national companies (or foreign companies in partnership with the national company) to exploit oil reservoirs, because it is owned by the state. It is barrier to entry. 2. Power of Suppliers (High) There are more then 100 suppliers in Russia; OAO â€Å"Gaztrubinvest†, TOO â€Å"KST Steel†, OAO â€Å"Severstal† are some of them. But their products are unique: tubular products, electric centrifugal pumps, oil cable, spurt steel framework. What gives them high bargaining power to dictate conditions. Moreover there are no substitutes, because the equipment needed for oil industry is special and impossible to replace. 3. Power of Buyers (Low) The main buyers are government and car owners. Product differentiation is low and customers don’t have opportunity to choose, only to buy. The market share of LUKOIL is almost 17% and it has contracts with government, because  they have a big chain of petrol stations. Consumers’ willingness to pay is the only power buyers have. Only very large buyers of oil such as big countries like US may influence oil price. Overall the buyer power is low 4. Threat of Substitutes (Low) At the moment customers can not switch from using oil and gas for other sources of energy. Only some European countries introduced renewable sources of energy instead of gas and oil. But there are many alternatives of energy: coal, solar, and wind power. Instead of this fact, we notice the demand for oil increases every year and there is no chance of decreasing in consumption. 5. Industry Rivalry (High) LUKOIL has 4 serious competitors: Rosneft (22% share of market), TNK-BP (14%), Surgutneftegaz (12%), Gazprom neft (6%). Even though there is a very strong rate of growth in oil and gas sector the rivalry remain small due to large switching costs, required investments for a new entrance, size of competitors, and political barriers. There is no place for small companies because of few market leaders. Also there is no possibility that competitors will offer a lower price. LUKOIL is second company that operates in Russia. The leader is Rosneft and its main competitor‎. LUKOIL has 17% share of Russian market, Rosneft 22% respectively. 10. SWOT analysis Strengths Weaknesses – 1st among the largest private oil and gas companies in the world. – 1.3% oil reserves of total reserves of oil worldwide – and second in terms of volume proven hydrocarbons reserves – about 2% of total global reserves; – Increase in oil index price in the world. – High entry barriers in the market, which eliminates small competitors. – Very sufficient technology of research and exploration. – Geographical business diversification (30 countries). – Large amount of oil reserves(17%) – Superior oil related technology. – Fully vertical and horizontal integrated. – Well supported by Russian government. – Constant increase in demand for gas and oil in Russia. – Constant research and innovation. – Production costs are relatively high compared with levels achieved by its main competitors. – The company’s communication both inside and outside is slow and bureaucratic. – Cost of environmental hazards. Opportunities Threats – Increase in oil and gas demand in Russia. – New exploration projects. – Investment into new businesses. – Iraq oil project. – Corruption. – Terrorism. – Floods. – Decrease sales (high interest rate). – Competition on the market Internal analysis Revenue $139.2 billion Employees 150.000 Recommendations Despite having a relatively good position in the regional market of Central and Eastern Europe, LUKOIL faces strong competition. In this context, LUKOIL should increase its market share through an offensive strategy of territorial expansion and to attract new customer segments. In addition, LUKOIL should ensure implementation of new technologies for modern and efficient production in terms of cost and continues its efforts to improve product quality and competitiveness, in order to meet international standards, including API and ACEA. Another important trend is the application of marketing strategies on the downstream, taking into account  the factors influencing consumer choice of stations: location, value for money, image, service, the existence of ancillary services. These strategies are reflected in the mix of marketing, in which both product and promotion play a central role.

Analysis Of Lorraine Hansberry s A Raisin And The Sun Essay

Act as Normal as Possible Poverty is always a great place to start a story, yet is there a lesson to be learned if the characters ends up right where they started? That is one of the several predicaments in the story â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† by Afro American writer Lorraine Hansberry. The story takes place in Chicago during the late 1950’s the civil rights era, and the most prevalent question is what makes an African American different to any other person. The story dives deep into what that is through the use of money, as the family who is generally poor finds themselves with money to start a new life someplace new and fresh. One who does not have an equal opportunity or results, as others do resent the system for that reason that the system favors those that are â€Å"normal†. The author Lorraine Hansberry is able to write about these characters because she was once one of them. Lorraine Hansberry was the first African American woman to write and publish a screenplay that was perform ed on Broadway. Lorraine Hansberry also inspired other African American writers and paved the way for them as Steven Carter writes â€Å"the first black and youngest American to win the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and a trailblazer whose success enabled other blacks to get their plays produced. Having exhilarated audiences for over twenty-five years by its profound affirmation of black life in all its diversity and creativity and of black strength through generations of struggle† (CarterShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Lorraine Hansberry s A Raisin Of The Sun 914 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† is an autobiographical play written in 1950 by Lorraine Hansberry, an African American writer. The main characters are the Younger family, Mama, his son Walter and her daughter Beneatha. 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